The new face of Islam

October 21, 2008

 


LONDON,SATURDAY 04.10.08

The new face of Islam

 

By Nick Compton 

 

At first she tried to resist. She did not want this to happen. She was not that sort of person. After all, there were no gaps in her life, no spiritual ache, she did not need support or direction. But she kept reading and it kept making sense.

‘I had absolutely no expectation or desire to end up where I am,’ she says. ‘It was almost with trepidation that I kept turning the pages and the trepidation just increased. I kept thinking: “OK, where’s the flaw? Where’s the bit that doesn’t make sense?” But it never came. And then it was like: “Oh no, I can see where this is leading. This is disastrous. I don’t want to be a Muslim!”

Caroline Bate is 30 years old, blonde, blue-eyed and pretty, with a soft Home Counties accent. She has a degree from Cambridge (she studied Russian and German before switching to management studies) and works for an investment bank in the City. She is Middle England’s dream daughter or daughter-in-law. And though she has yet to make her formal declaration of faith in Allah and the prophet Mohammed – a two-line pledge called the Shahada – she considers herself Muslim. She ticked the box on a form recently. It felt good, she says.

Caroline is not alone. Though data is hard to come by, several London mosques have been reporting an increase in the number of converts to Islam, especially since 11 September. Like Caroline, many of these converts are from solid middle-class backgrounds, have successful careers, enjoy active social lives and are fundamentally happy with their lot.

This is not a new trend, however. Matthew Wilkinson, a former head boy of Eton, became Tariq, when he converted to Islam in 1993. Jonathan Birt, son of Lord Birt, late of the BBC and now the government’s transport guru, converted in 1997. The son and daughter of Lord Justice Scott also converted and Joe Ahmed Dobson, the 26-year-old son of the former Health Secretary Frank Dobson, has recently and, somewhat reluctantly, emerged as the voice of new Muslim converts in Britain. But it is a trend that has been pushed along by recent events. So far it has gone largely unnoticed, as the press concentrates on some of the more colourful characters that 11 September has thrown up.

Since 11 September, the luridly painted poster boys of British Islam have been radical clerics such as Abu Hamza al-Masri, the steel-clawed, milky-eyed so-called ‘mad mullah’ of Finsbury Park mosque. Here are Victorian villains, fiendish emissaries of some ancient and foreign evil, straight out of an Indiana Jones movie.

Their followers are blank-eyed drones like Richard Reid, packing his high-tops with high explosives. Or James McLintock, the ‘Tartan Taliban’. There are lost boys, dislocated and dysfunctional, petty thieves preyed on in South London prisons and young offenders’ institutions by fakir Fagins who forge an untempered anger into a righteous ire and provide it with a target. (Three imams working in British prisons have been suspended since 11 September for making ‘inappropriate remarks’ about the terrorist attacks.)

But that is a sideshow, a compelling melodrama played out beyond the fringes of Islamic culture in this country. And while it might be stretching a point – and answering caricature with caricature – to insist that a demure English rose is the exemplar of the modern British convert to Islam, Caroline Bate is certainly more representative than Richard Reid. Read the rest of this entry »


PROPHET MUHAMMAD’S LAST SERMON

October 21, 2008

Prophet Muhammad’s Last Sermon
Date delivered: 632 A.C., 9th day of Dhul al Hijjah, 10 A.H. in the
‘Uranah valley of 
Mount Arafat.

After praising, and thanking God, he said: “O People, listen well
to my words, for I do not know whether, after this year, I shall ever
be amongst you again. Therefore listen to what I am saying to you very
carefully and TAKE THESE WORDS TO THOSE WHO COULD NOT BE PRESENT HERE
TODAY.

O People, just as you regard this month, this day, this city as
Sacred, so regard the life and property of every Muslim as a sacred
trust. Return the goods entrusted to you to their rightful owners.
Treat others justly so that no one would be unjust to you. Remember
that you will indeed meet your LORD, and that HE will indeed reckon
your deeds. God has forbidden you to take usury (riba), therefore all
riba obligation shall henceforth be waived. Your capital , however, is
yours to keep. You will neither inflict nor suffer inequity. God has
judged that there shall be no riba and that all the riba due to `Abbas
ibn `Abd al Muttalib shall henceforth be waived.

Every right arising out of homicide in pre-Islamic days is
henceforth waived and the first such right that I waive is that
arising from the murder of Rabi`ah ibn al Harith ibn `Abd al Muttalib.

O Men, the Unbelievers indulge in tampering with the calendar in
order to make permissible that which God forbade, and to forbid that
which God has made permissible. With God the months are twelve in
number. Four of them are sacred, three of these are successive and one
occurs singly between the months of Jumada and Sha`ban. Beware of the
devil, for the safety of your religion. He has lost all hope that he
will ever be able to lead you astray in big things, so beware of
following him in small things.

O People, it is true that you have certain rights over your women,
but they also have rights over you. Remember that you have taken them
as your wives only under God’s trust and with His permission. If they
abide by your right then to them belongs the right to be fed and
clothed in kindness. Treat your women well and be kind to them, for
they are your partners and committed helpers. It is your right and
they do not make friends with anyone of whom you do not approve, as
well as never to be unchaste…

O People, listen to me in earnest, worship God (The One Creator of
the Universe), perform your five daily prayers (Salah), fast during
the month of 
Ramadan, and give your financial obligation (zakah) of
your wealth. Perform 
Hajj if you can afford to.

All mankind is from Adam and Eve, an Arab has no superiority over
a non-Arab nor a non-Arab has any superiority over an Arab; also a
white has no superiority over a black nor a black has any superiority
over white except by piety and good action. Learn that every Muslim is
a brother to every Muslim and that the Muslims constitute one
brotherhood. Nothing shall be legitimate to a Muslim which belongs to
a fellow Muslim unless it was given freely and willingly. Do not,
therefore, do injustice to yourselves.

Remember, one day you will appear before God (The Creator) and you
will answer for your deeds. So beware, do not stray from the path of
righteousness after I am gone.

O People, NO PROPHET OR MESSENGER WILL COME AFTER ME AND NO NEW
FAITH WILL BE BORN. Reason well, therefore, O People, and understand
words which I convey to you. I am leaving you with the Book of God
(the QUR’AN*) and my SUNNAH (the life style and the behavioral mode of
the Prophet), if you follow them you will never go astray.

All those who listen to me shall pass on my words to others and
those to others again; and may the last ones understand my words
better than those who listen to me directly. Be my witness O God, that
I have conveyed your message to your people.

*The Qur’an: Revealed to Prophet Muhammad during the period from
610-632 AC. The first five verses revealed are: (1) Read in the name
of your Lord, Who created. (2) Created man out of a clot that clings
(in the womb). (3) Read and your Lord is the Most Bountiful. (4) Who
taught by the pen. (5) Taught man that which he knew not.


A GLIMPS AT EARLY WOMEN ISLAMIC SCHOLARS

October 21, 2008

 

By  Dr. Mohammad Akram Nadwi

The following is a transcript of a lecture delivered by Dr. Mohammad Akram Nadwi, a Research Fellow in Oxford University’s Centre for Islamic Studies, on the role of women scholars in preserving and transmitting prophetic tradition (Hadith) in Islam. The original transcript has been edited by Imam Zaid Shakir to enhance readability.
[O Mankind! Fear your Lord who has created you from a single soul, and from it He created its mate; and from them both, He brought forth multitudes of men and women. Be mindful of Allah through Whom you demand your mutual (rights), and revere the wombs that bore you. Surely, Allah is ever watching over you.] (An-Nisaa’ 4:1)
Historically, women played a major role in preserving the Qur'an and developing the science of Hadith.

Both men and women today need to revive the rich Islamic heritage of Muslim women scholars.

From the very beginning of the human saga, Allah makes it quite clear that men and women are equal beings created from one single soul, sharing the same father and mother, and subservient unto the same Lord. The verse mentioned above came to the Messenger of Allah (peace upon him) at a time when women were being humiliated and tortured.

Allah says: […and when the female child, buried alive, will be asked: For what sin was she killed.] (At-Takwir 81:8-9) This refers to an ancient practice of the Arabs (and even some modern societies through abortion) who would kill their female children from fear of being humiliated in the community, or out of fear that they would not have the means to provide for them.

Islam came to eradicate these ignorant practices, amongst others, and after twenty-three years of prophetic teachings, it had conferred unto women a status that was previously unthinkable.The first revelation: [Read in the name of your Lord who created…] (Al-`Alaq 96:1) left the Prophet (peace upon him) severely shaken, for he could not comprehend such an event happening to an unlettered, orphaned, desert Arab.

It is related that he was consoled by Khadijah (may Allah be pleased with her) who believed in him and comforted him in a time of great need and distress. She was the backbone of his initial efforts for the advancement of the new faith, and a noble business woman of high lineage.

 

The Prophet demonstrated that women possess independent religious responsibility that has no connection to their gender.

After three years of secrecy he was ordered by Allah to call his own family to the faith. He (peace upon him) gathered his family and openly called upon the tribe of Hashim and the tribe of `Abdul-Muttalib to believe in his message. 

Towards the end of the narration of this event, he (peace upon him) specifically says to ‘Abbas ibn ‘Abdul-Muttalib (may Allah be pleased with him): “I cannot benefit you on the Day of Judgment.” He uttered the same statement to his aunt, Safiyyah bint ‘Abdul-Muttalib and to his daughter, Fatimah (may Allah be pleased with both of them). He added: “Ask me of my wealth in this world, but on the Day of Judgment I cannot avail you in any way.”

In this address the Prophet (peace upon him) specifically named two women and one man, demonstrating that women possess independent religious responsibility that has no connection to their gender.This independence in faith is exemplified by the fact that the wives of Noah and Lot (peace upon them) both rejected faith. Hence, the Qur’an affirms that even the wife of a Prophet is free to believe or disbelieve.

Furthermore, Umm Habibah became a believer while her father, Abu Sufyan, (may Allah be pleased with them both), was a staunch opponent of the Prophet (peace upon him). He possessed neither the power nor privilege to influence her independent choice.

At the second Pledge of `Aqabah, a covenant that involved specific political and strategic obligations, the Prophet (peace upon him) took an oath from both men and women. He was not content to have women confined to their houses, totally divorced from any involvement in public affairs.

Women Perserving the Qur’an

The Qur’an, the most sacred and important source in Islam, was memorized by many of the companions. After the Battle of Yamamah, where a large number of those memorizers were killed, `Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) advised Abu Bakr to issue a standardized edition of the entire Qur’an in the dialect of Quraish, whose protection he vouchsafed.

Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) issued such an edition. After his death it passed into the protection of `Umar (may Allah be pleased with him), and after his passing, it was given to Hafsah bint `Umar (may Allah be pleased with her) to be carefully guarded and preserved. Read the rest of this entry »


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